SUMMARY
• Matter is anything that has mass and occupies volume.
• The SI unit of mass and volume is kilogram (Kg) and cubic metre (m²).
• Matter is classified into groups based on their physical and chemical properties for example physical properties of solid liquid and gases are chemical properties elements compounds and mixtures.
• Every particles is made up of certain particles which differ in shape size and nature.
• the particle of matter have a tendency to diffuse.
• solid has defined shape distinct boundaries and fix volume.
• liquid do not have a defined shape.
• Gases have neither defined shape nor value.
• The state of matter can be interchanged by changing temperature of pressure.
• specific conditions of temperature and pressure the conversations of the matter from its solid to its liquid state it called fusion.
• The conversations of a matter from its liquid state to vapour gases is is called boiling it is a bulking phenomenon.
• The conversations of matter from its liquid to solid state is called freezing.
• The conversations of a matter from its liquid to Gas state is called vaporization.
• the conversion of matter from its gases to liquid state is called condensation.
• the process of change of liquid state directly into gaseous state without passing through the liquid state upon heating on cooling is called sublimation
• The heat energy which has to be supplied to change the state of substance is called latent heat.
• latent heat of vaporization is the heat energy required to change 1 kg of a liquid to gas at atmospheric pressure at it boiling point
• latent heat of fusion is the amount of heat energy required to change 1 kg of solid into to liquid at its melting point.
• the process of conversations of liquid into vapour state at any temperature below its boiling point is called evaporation
• plasma state consists of super energetic and super excited particles
• the sun and the star glow because of the presence of plasma in them
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